Inzugi z'ububiko zirakingurwa kandi zigafungwa buri gihe, ibicuruzwa amagana byujuje inyandiko z'irangamuntu n'amakuru, kandi ibi byose bibaho gusa mu gihe abakozi basunika imodoka mu buryo busanzwe mu masegonda make.
Saa yine za mu gitondo, ahantu ho gutondekanya ibicuruzwa mu bubiko bunini bw’ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki mu Burasirazuba bw’Ubushinwa haracyari urumuri rwinshi. Umuyobozi Zhang yarebye amashusho ya ecran asimbuka, yijimye. Muri gahunda isanzwe ya barcode, ibicuruzwa 5000 byinjira mu bubiko bisaba abakozi 6 gukora hafi amasaha 3, hanze y’ububiko hakunze kugaragara imisatsi idakwiye. Igihombo cya buri mwaka giterwa n’ububiko nticyemewe, kugeza kuri miliyoni z’amadolari.
Ibintu nk'ibi, mu micungire isanzwe y'ububiko, ntabwo bikunze kubaho. Kugeza igihe habayeho uburyo bw'ubwenge bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya RFID, abahoze bareka ibibazo bya Zhang wa kera bitarasinzira, batangiye gukemurwa mu buryo butunguranye.
01 Ijoro ryabanjirije ihinduka, ibintu bibabaza cyane mu bubiko gakondo
Mu ijoro ryakeye mu bubiko, imbunda ya scanner "irasa" imwe ikurikira indi. Umukozi Li ni itsinda ry'imyenda iherutse kugera mu bubiko: gupakurura, gukuramo igice, gushaka icyapa, gushyira ku ruhande imbunda, hanyuma usubiremo iki gikorwa inshuro amagana.
“Ndatinya cyane guhura n’ibirango birebire, bifite iminkanyari cyangwa bishyizwe ahantu habi,” Li yavuze amwenyura cyane, “Hari igihe bifata inshuro nyinshi gushakisha ibicuruzwa mbere yuko bigeraho.” Ku rundi ruhande rw’ububiko hanze y’aho ububiko buherereye, ibintu ntabwo byizewe. Abatoragura ibicuruzwa basunika ibikapu mu modoka zitwara abantu ibihumbi mirongo, bishingikiriza ku mpapuro kugira ngo babone aho ibicuruzwa biherereye, igihe cyo gutoragura ibicuruzwa mu minota irenga 15.
Ibi ni ikibazo cyo gukora neza gusa. Igituma ubuyobozi burushaho kugira ibibazo ni ikibazo cy’amakuru: sisitemu igaragaza ko hakiri ibicuruzwa 500 mu bubiko, ariko ibikoresho nyabyo biri ubusa; abakiriya binubira ko ibicuruzwa bahabwa bidahuye n’ibyo batumije; kandi mu gihe cy’ubwinshi bw’ibicuruzwa, bagomba guhagarika akazi ko kwinjira no gusohoka bitewe n’umuvuduko muto wo kubika ibicuruzwa. ……
Lao Zhang yibuka neza "Double 11" y'umwaka ushize, bitewe n'uko ibicuruzwa byatinze gutwarwa no koherezwa mu buryo butari bwo byatumye abantu barega kugeza kuri 3.7%, igihombo cy'ubukungu n'isura mbi y'ikirango, ku buryo abayobozi bakuru b'ikigo biyemeje gushaka impinduka.
02 Kwinjira muri RFID, ububiko bw' "impinduramatwara icecekeye"
Impinduka zatangiye n'amatagi menshi asa n'asanzwe y'impapuro. Aya matagi ashyirwamoUdupira twa RFID na antenebito kurusha agace gato k'umuceri, ariko bifite ubushobozi butagereranywa nk'ubwa barcode gakondo.
Porogaramu za mbere za RFID zari mu gice cy’imyenda. Uburyo bwo kubika ibintu bwavuguruwe: nyuma yuko ibicuruzwa bivanywe mu ikamyo, agasanduku kose kanyura mu muryango w’umuyoboro w’amazi gafite ibikoresho byo gusoma RFID, kandi mu masegonda atarenze 2, amakuru y’imyenda 200 iri mu gasanduku yose yamaze kuzuzwa muri sisitemu. Nta mpamvu yo gufungura agasanduku, nta mpamvu yo gusesengura igice ku kindi, nta mpamvu yo guhindura inguni y’agapapuro.
“Ntitwashoboraga kubyemera ku nshuro ya mbere byerekanwe.” Lao Zhang yibukije ati: “Ipaki y’ibicuruzwa, yanyuze muri urwo rugi, imibare yo kuri ecran ya mudasobwa yarazamutse.” Mbere byasabaga iminota 40 kugira ngo igikorwa cyo kubika ibintu kirangire, ubu byagabanijweho iminota itarenze 3.
Ibanga rya RFID ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo kudakora ku murongo no gusoma amakuru. Kode gakondo zisaba ko umurongo ugaragara ugororotse kandi zishobora guskena rimwe gusa; mu gihe abasomyi ba RFID bashobora kumenya icyarimwe tagi nyinshi cyangwa amagana, hatitawe ku kuba tagi itwikiriwe cyangwa idatwikiriwe, hatitawe ku cyerekezo ireba.
03 Ishingiro ry'uburyo bwo "kugera ku mwanya wa kabiri"
Iterambere nyaryo ryabayeho ubwo sisitemu yatangiraga gukoresha interineti. Buri gice cy'ingenzi cy'ububiko cyasubiwemo kugira ngo gikore urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru rudahindagurika.
Mu gice cy’ububiko, ibicuruzwa byanditseho RFID tags icyarimwe iyo bipakuruwe, bingana na "digital ID" kuri buri gicuruzwa. Binyuze mu muryango w’umuyoboro, umusomyi ahita afata amakuru yose y’ikirango, arangiza kwiyandikisha muri sisitemu, agatanga ahantu ho kubika. Mbere bisaba gusuzuma intoki ibicuruzwa mu byiciro, amasano yo kwinjiza amakuru, ubu byose byuzuzwa na sisitemu mu buryo bwikora.
Ubuyobozi bw'ububiko bwagize impinduka zikomeye. Buri shefu ishyirwaho ibikoresho byo gusoma bya RFID, kandi urujya n'uruza rw'ibicuruzwa ruzafatwa mu gihe nyacyo.PDAMu maboko y'umutoranyi ntabwo agikeneye gusuzumwa kenshi, ahubwo hafi y'aho ikintu giherereye, sisitemu izahita imurika kugira ngo imenyeshe aho giherereye neza n'ingano ikenewe.
Impinduka igaragara cyane ni mu nzira yo gusohoka. Ibicuruzwa bipakiye bijyanwa mu gace bipakirwamo ibicuruzwa binyuze mu mukandara wo gutwara ibintu, kandi abasomyi ba RFID bari mu nzira bagenzura amakuru y’ibicuruzwa, kandi ibicuruzwa byose bitajyanye bizakemurwa mu buryo bwikora. Gusuzuma imodoka yose mbere yo kuyipakira byemeza ko buri kintu cyose cyoherejwe gihwanye neza n’igicuruzwa cyatumijwe.
04 Inyungu Nyayo Ziri Inyuma y'Amakuru
Nyuma y'amezi atatu, ishami ry'imari ryatanze raporo y'inyungu yatunguye buri wese. Igipimo cy'ubuziranenge bw'ububiko cyariyongereye kiva kuri 87% kigera kuri 99.99%, bivuze ko igihombo cyatewe n'ububiko butari bwo cyagabanutseho ibirenga 90%.
Iterambere mu mikorere y’ibikoresho byinjira n’ibisohoka ni ikintu gitangaje kurushaho. Ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gutunganya ibintu ku munsi umwe bwazamuwe buva ku bice 50.000 bugera ku bice 150.000, mu gihe ikiguzi cy’abakozi cyagabanijweho 30% - bamwe mu bakozi bari mu myanya yo gushakisha ibicuruzwa bimuriwe mu nzego zishinzwe abakiriya no kugenzura ubuziranenge, ibyo bikaba bisaba abantu benshi.
“Mu mwaka ushize wa 2011, twakoze agahigo ko nta na kimwe cy’ibicuruzwa byatanzwe nabi cyabayeho.” Ijwi rya Lao Zhang ryishimye, “igipimo cy’ibirego by’abakiriya cyagabanutseho 85%, ari byo bivuga ko amafaranga adashobora kugura izina.”
RFID ntabwo izana imikorere myiza gusa, ahubwo inazana n'icyitegererezo cy'imicungire y'udushya. Amakuru nyayo kandi nyayo y'ububiko, kugira ngo ibigo bishobore gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire y'ububiko ihambaye, bigabanya ibyago byo kugenda buhoro; amakuru yuzuye y'uburyo ibicuruzwa bikurikiranwa kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha bitanga inkunga ikomeye.
05 Ibibazo n'ibisubizo mu bikorwa
Uburyo bwose bwo kugwa mu ikoranabuhanga ntibuzaba bwiza. Sisitemu ya RFID mu ntangiriro yahuye n'imbogamizi zitandukanye: ingaruka z'ibyuma ku kimenyetso, ibicuruzwa by'amazi ku kwinjiza kw'imiraba ya electromagnetic, gukusanya cyane imiterere yabuze ……
Ku bijyanye n'ibidukikije by'icyuma, itsinda rya tekiniki ryakoze utumenyetso twihariye two kurwanya ibyuma, dutuma gusoma neza no ku buso bw'icyuma binyuze mu gushushanya antene yihariye no mu bikoresho byo kwitandukanya. Ku bijyanye no gushyira hamwe ibintu byinshi, igipimo cyo gusoma cyongerwa kigera ku kigero kirenga 99.9% binyuze mu guhindura imbaraga z'abasomyi, kunoza imiterere ya antene, no gukoresha uburyo bwo kurwanya impanuka.
“Ikintu kigoye cyane ni uguhindura ingeso z’abantu.” Lao Zhang yemeye ati: “Bamwe mu bakozi bashaje bamenyereye kumva imbunda ya scanner kandi bahanganye n’uburyo bushya.” Ku bw’ibyo, ububiko bwakoresheje imyitozo myinshi kugira ngo abakozi babone uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha RFID - ntibagikeneye gupimwa kenshi, ntibagikeneye kuzamuka ndende kugira ngo bashyireho tagi, akazi kabaye koroshye kandi gatanga umusaruro.
06 Kuva ku bwikorezi bukoresha ikoranabuhanga kugera ku buhanga
Mu bubiko bw'iki gihe, amakamyo ya AGV anyura mu nzira zagenwe, kandi agenda anyura mu bimenyetso bya RFID; intwaro za roboti zitondeka ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwikora, zishingiye ku makuru ya RFID kugira ngo zimenye ibyiciro bitandukanye by'ibicuruzwa; kandi mu turere tugenzurwa n'ubushyuhe, tagi za RFID zifite ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe zigenzura imihindagurikire y'ibidukikije mu gihe nyacyo.
Amakuru menshi yakozwe na sisitemu ya RFID arimo gucukurwa kugira ngo arebe agaciro kayo. Mu gusesengura imbonerahamwe y'ubushyuhe bw'imigendekere y'ibicuruzwa, ububiko bunoza imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, bushyira ibicuruzwa bikoresha inshuro nyinshi ahantu horoshye; mu kubara igihe cyo gukora cya buri sano, habonetse inzitizi zihishe muri icyo gikorwa.
“Mbere twacungaga ibicuruzwa, none ducunga urujya n’uruza rw’amakuru.” Lao Zhang abivuga muri make muri ubu buryo, “Buri kintu cyose cy’ibicuruzwa, kuva kigeze mu bubiko kugeza kivuyemo, cyasize inzira yuzuye y’ikoranabuhanga muri sisitemu. Dushingiye kuri aya makuru, dushobora kumenya uko ibikenewe bikenerwa, kunoza ububiko, no gushyiramo umutungo mbere y’igihe.”
Ubwo yabazwaga ku mpinduka ikomeye yatewe na RFID, Zhang wa kera ntiyigeze avuga kuri ayo makuru ashishikaje ijisho, ahubwo yavuze ku makuru nk'ayo: mu bihe byashize, buri munsi w'ububiko, ububiko bugomba kuba bukora nijoro, abakozi bananiwe; kandi ubu, ububiko bushobora kurangizwa bucece mu masaha asanzwe y'akazi - sunika umusomyi mu bubiko hagati y'urugendo, amakuru yose yahujwe n'ibicu.
Ku mpera y'ububiko, itsinda rya nyuma ry'ama-oda ya "Double Eleven" ririmo kunyura mu muyoboro wo gusohokera. Munsi y'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rw'umusomyi, amakuru y'ibicuruzwa birenga 50 kuri buri segonda arafatwa, akagenzurwa kandi akemezwa. Ibikorwa byose ni ituze, byoroshye, hafi ya byose ntibigaragara.
Iri hinduka, ryatangijwe n'ikirango gito, ryahinduye uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gukora ububiko. Iyo buri gicuruzwa gishobora kuba uburyo bwo kubona ibintu mu buryo bufatika, aho giherereye neza, uburyo gikurikiranwa neza, ububiko ntibuba bukiri ahantu ho kubika ibintu gusa, ahubwo ni ahantu hagaragara uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa mu ruhererekane rw'ubwenge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-09-2026
